Oceania · The Islamic sultanates
Sultanate of Banjar
1526–1860
The Sultanate of Banjar (Banjarmasin) was in South Kalimantan, established in 1526 with the inauguration (1526) of Sultan Suriansyah (r. 1526–1550), the first Muslim ruler, who had converted with Demak's help to defeat his uncle's interior kingdom of Negara Daha. Its capitals shifted over time (Banjarmasin, Kayu Tangi, Martapura, Karang Intan).
- Existed
- 1526–1860
- Shown on the map
- 1526–1859
- Peak area
- 39k km²
- Region
- Oceania
Overview
The Sultanate of Banjar (Banjarmasin) was in South Kalimantan, established in 1526 with the inauguration (1526) of Sultan Suriansyah (r. 1526–1550), the first Muslim ruler, who had converted with Demak's help to defeat his uncle's interior kingdom of Negara Daha. Its capitals shifted over time (Banjarmasin, Kayu Tangi, Martapura, Karang Intan). The economy rested on pepper and, later, diamonds and coal. Religion was Sunni Islam, with Kaharingan among interior Dayak peoples; the Hikayat Banjar is its chronicle.
Decline and legacy
In the 19th century, Dutch interference in succession precipitated the Banjarmasin War (1859–1863, with sporadic fighting to 1905). After the Dutch unilaterally installed Tamjidillah II (r. 1857–1859), opposition rallied behind Hidayatullah II (r. 1859–1862). Prince Antasari launched the war on 18 April 1859 with some 6,000 armed men, attacking the Dutch coal mines at Pengaron and sinking the steamer Onrust in December 1859. Fighting included the Battles of Mount Pamaton (1861–1862). The Dutch abolished the sultanate in 1860, exiled Hidayatullah II to Cianjur (where he died in 1904), and faced continued resistance: Antasari was proclaimed Sultan in 1862 but died of smallpox that year, after which Muhammad Seman led a government-in-exile (Pagustian) at Puruk Cahu until he was killed in 1905, ending the sultanate. At least 5,000 people (including 204 Europeans) died on the Dutch side. The sultanate was culturally restored in 2010.
Common questions
- What was the Sultanate of Banjar?
- The Sultanate of Banjar (Banjarmasin) was in South Kalimantan, established in 1526 with the inauguration (1526) of Sultan Suriansyah (r. 1526–1550), the first Muslim ruler, who had converted with Demak's help to defeat his uncle's interior kingdom of Negara Daha. Its capitals shifted over time (Banjarmasin, Kayu Tangi, Martapura, Karang Intan).
- When did the Sultanate of Banjar exist?
- The Sultanate of Banjar existed 1526–1860. On this map it is drawn 1526–1859.
- How large was the Sultanate of Banjar?
- At its greatest extent drawn on this map, the Sultanate of Banjar covered about 39,000 km². That is the largest area the border data gives it across the years it is drawn, not necessarily its greatest extent in history.
- How did the Sultanate of Banjar end?
- In the 19th century, Dutch interference in succession precipitated the Banjarmasin War (1859–1863, with sporadic fighting to 1905). After the Dutch unilaterally installed Tamjidillah II (r. 1857–1859), opposition rallied behind Hidayatullah II (r. 1859–1862).
Sources
This compendium cites its sources once for the whole document rather than per territory. Its bibliography names the English Wikipedia article for each polity and its key rulers as the basis of these profiles, supplemented by Encyclopaedia Britannica, the World History Encyclopedia, museum and UN sources, Pacific news organisations, and the scholarship of Ricklefs, Andaya, Coedès, Carey, Sri Margana and Smith & Smith. The article this entry is anchored on:
- Wikipedia — Banjar Sultanate en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banjar_Sultanate
This entry was last updated .
This entry was researched and drafted with AI from the sources above, and has not been reviewed by a historian. How entries are made
Text available under CC BY-SA 4.0: reuse it with a credit to The World Through Time and a link to this page. Passages drawing on the Wikipedia articles listed above are also licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 by their contributors.
Border geometry for the map itself comes from Cliopatria v0.12 (Seshat Global History Databank, CC-BY-4.0).
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